Category Archives: Natural Patterns

Art: Technology and Nature in Perfect Harmony

Gail Dickerson in her studio

The artist Gail Dickerson creates her paintings through what must be a unique combination of observation of technological artefacts and the deliberate application of natural materials through the recreation of natural processes.

Fractal detail of painting
Fractal detail of painting

Thus it is no accident that her paintings have a natural, accidental, chaotic look: they are created from actual earths, muds and clays of many different colours – real earth pigments – and they are allowed to form themselves on to the canvas through processes that recreate the basic geological processes of erosion (of rocks) and deposition (of sediments). Gail crushes and grinds the earths to form usable pigments: of course she also transports them to her studio, just as glaciers transport rocks as ‘erratics’, grind and crush rocks to rock-flour as moraines and the thick, sticky boulder clay that covers the little hills of Southeast England.

Earth pigments from Wales, Skye, Edinburgh ...
Earth pigments from Wales, Skye, Edinburgh …

Then she mixes the pigments with water and a binder to make simple paints, and pours them on to her canvases, where they flow, evaporate, diffuse, and arrange themselves into the beautiful fractal patterns of sand-dunes, beach ripples, estuary channels, or just puddles seen in her paintings.

A work in progress (evaporating - there are reflections from the liquid in the white central area)
A work in progress (evaporating – there are reflections from the liquid in the white central area)

The other input to Gail’s paintings is the high-speed world of modern technology. She strips printed circuit boards from abandoned devices (which with today’s instant obsolescence often means only a couple of years after they were made) and draws their patterns on to her canvases. In an earlier phase of her work, she actually placed assorted components on the canvas and allowed them to leave their “shadows” behind as pigments flowed over and around them.

Printed circuit boards and a painting based on them
Printed circuit boards and a painting based on them

Circuit boards form patterns as their wiring is optimised to follow shortest paths for the many interconnections, as well, sometimes, as to provide sufficient spacing to reduce electromagnetic interference between the rapidly oscillating currents in the tiny wires. (Gail commented that these technical terms would make good names for artworks.) Gail had redrawn or imagined suitable wiring layouts on transparencies, and it was hard to tell her imaginings from the real thing, so convincingly did they wander in apparently optimal directions between components.

PCB transparencies showing optimisation of wiring paths
PCB transparencies showing optimisation of wiring paths

Gail then transfers the circuit layouts, suitably transformed, to her canvases, where they and the variously oozing, evaporating earths in their chaotic patterns do a dance together, neither taking over, neither too prominent.

Controlled electronics, chaotic earth pigments
Controlled electronics, chaotic earth pigments (detail)

For me, it’s a figure of the modern world, where man makes use of nature – ColTan ore turning into electronic components, sand turning into silicon chips, oil turning into the plastics and resins of insulation and circuit boards (after all, all materials are ultimately from nature), and the manmade patterns of thought, algorithmically-designed electronics, squeak and chatter at their inaudibly-high GigaHertz frequencies (as recently as 1994, we all had slow old modems that audibly squeaked when connecting to the Internet to retrieve emails and  briefly browse a few small klunkily laid out early web pages, how quickly things change in that world).

Detail of PCB layout among earth pigments in one of Gail's paintings
Detail of circuit layout among earth pigments in one of Gail’s paintings

For me, then, Gail’s paintings, made in nice old buildings a stone’s throw from the Shard, the river, and Shakespeare’s Globe – inevitably, just about to be turned into expensive new apartments or offices – beautifully sum up modern life. We are still rooted in Nature: our tailless ape ancestry of course, our drives for food, water, sex, power, sleep absolutely apelike; while another part of us races ahead in the bustling city, now sprawling across the river from the City of London to the Docklands and down onto the South Bank around London Bridge and the suddenly burgeoning glass towers of Southwark. Alexander Pope had it right in his Essay on Man when he describes us as

     Created half to rise and half to fall,
     The glory, jest, and riddle of the world.

Cherry Leaf Miner

The long sinuous gallery that crosses the midrib suggests the micro moth Lyonetia clerkella, the Apple Leaf Miner. It affects many Prunus tree species.

Cherry Leaf Miner taking a line for a walk
Cherry Leaf Miner taking a line for a walk (a la Paul Klee, see below)

I particularly like the areas still chlorophyll-green, protected from the general yellowing by the tunnels of the leaf miner.

Burdened Children 1930 Paul Klee taking a line for a walk
Burdened Children 1930 Paul Klee taking a line for a walk, having observed Cherry Leaf Miners at work (I made up this last bit)

Wetland Centre Bugs

Dabchick in glorious dress, with wiggly reflections
Dabchick, with wiggly reflections

I wasn’t really birding but it was nice to see a little cloud of House Martins flycatching, and a richly dressed Dabchick diving for food.

Foamy wisps of scented Meadowsweet flowers were visited by honeybees; a Strangalia maculata longhorn beetle (it doesn’t have an English name, but it’s not the one usually called Wasp Beetle) clambered slowly over the flowerheads. It looks reasonably wasplike, if not terribly convincingly; it would be interesting to know if it is itself foul-tasting and hence actually aposematic, or just hitching a free ride through Batesian mimicry.

Strangalia maculata, a waspish longhorn beetle
Strangalia maculata, a waspish longhorn beetle, on Meadowsweet
Bee on Bramble flower
Bee on Bramble flower

The Wetland Centre was very sunny, a little windy for butterflies (only Small Skipper, Red Admiral and Green-Veined White) but with the bees buzzing around the many flowers, very attractive. Several Orchids were in bloom, including purple and pyramidal. Even the different bindweeds looked wonderful. A pair of Mute Swans rested calmly with a cygnet or two at the bronze feet of Sir Peter Scott.

A teneral (new) darter
A teneral (new) darter

The dragonflies included one Black-tailed Skimmer, sunning itself on a “wildside” path; several blue hawkers, probably Hairy Dragonflies; an Emperor; a teneral darter, probably Common Darter; masses of blue damselflies – all the ones I managed to check were Azure Damselfly; and a few Common Bluetail damselflies.

Immature male Common Bluetail damselfly

Immature male Common Bluetail damselfly

 

Snail Egg Pattern

Snail Eggs in Pond
Snail Eggs in Pond

Walking past the main pond, my eye was caught by a striking pattern reminiscent of a brain coral. Lying down on the boardwalk to get the diminutive lens of my phone camera as close to the pond surface as possible, the squiggles resolved themselves into long patterns of jelly divided mostly into hexagonal areolae like miniature cells in a honeycomb, each with a white boundary and a tiny yellow egg at its centre.

At the top left of the photo is a large Ramshorn Snail: several others were nearby, so they are the likely culprits. Generally pond snail egg masses (as laid by the large pointy-spiral pond snail Limnaea) are small, undistinguished jelly-blobs, so these large, impressive structures were a surprise.

Winter Colour and Light at Thursley Common

Panorama of Thursley Common bog pools
Panorama of Thursley Common bog pools (full image is 7330 x 2245)

On a gloriously sunny, still winter’s day, Thursley Common looked wonderful. There were few signs of wildlife – a Crow or two, some Stonechats hawking for flies from the tops of small bushes – but wide horizons, quiet, a sense of space and freedom.

Swirly patterns with beetle holes in dead pine
Swirly patterns with beetle holes in dead pine

Some dead pines displayed magnificent natural patterns, the product of bare wood drilled by Longhorn Beetle larvae and exposed to the elements.

Spiralling orange patterns on softening dead pine
Turbulent orange patterns on softening dead pine

We visited Thursley’s thousand-year-old church – the north side of the choir has two small narrow Saxon windows, walled in for centuries. The church, of St Michael and All Angels, was wisely sited by the Saxons on a ridge of the Greensand, high and dry above the boggy moorland.

St Michael and All Angels Thursley
St Michael and All Angels Thursley

We enjoyed the modern glass doors engraved with a Tree of Life which turned out to be a Silver Birch. Among the animals praising God in the glasswork are a soaring, singing Woodlark; a perched Nightingale; a Lizard, a Purple Emperor butterfly, a Common Blue butterfly, and a selection of dragonflies: clearly the local fauna.

Thursley Church Tree of Life
Thursley Church Tree of Life

Wetland Centre: Winter Colours

2 January may not seem like a good time for mushrooms, but even now there are interesting and beautiful species to be seen. The Variable Oysterling, Crepidotus variabilis, is as its name implies able to take on different appearances. Here its small cap is distinctly fluffy with tufts of hyphae. The gills are fairly widely spaced, and extra ones are inserted (ok, intercalated) towards the edges.

Crepidotus variabilis - small fluffy white fungi clustered on log
Crepidotus variabilis – small fluffy white fungi clustered on log

The Osiers – long thin whippy poles of willows ideal for basket-making – are seen at their most colourful in midwinter.

Green Osier
Green Osier
Red Osier
Red Osier

A flock of sixty or more grass-eating Wigeon, the males handsome with rufous heads complete with yellowish Mohican centre-stripe, grazed hungrily on the lush grass of the marsh. It must be a lot more welcoming than the frozen wastes of Scandinavia or Arctic Russia, where these birds have probably flown in from.

Wigeon feeding on grass
Wigeon feeding on grass

Sparkling fresh in the winter sun at Kew

 Witch Hazel Hamamelis x intermedia
Witch Hazel Hamamelis x intermedia

The period between Christmas and New Year can easily feel flat, but a walk in brilliant winter sunshine, with the low slanting light making everything glisten or glow in beauty, is exactly the opposite. Kew Gardens is famous for its marvellous Witch Hazels. Today, Hamamelis x intermedia was in full ‘bloom’, its extraordinary flower structures in deep yellows and oranges contrasting crisply with the cloudless sky. The photo is unretouched.

Backlit twigs glistening in winter sun
Backlit twigs glistening in winter sun

The Corsican Pine near the Queen Elizabeth gate is always beautiful. Today in the slanting light the soft colours and subtle shapes of its jigsaw-flaked bark were shown off to perfection.

Corsican Pine bark
Corsican Pine bark
Corsican Pine, Pinus nigra
Corsican Pine, Pinus nigra: a lovely tree

In the Lake District

Lonesome Splendour: looking up Wastwater to Wasdale Head, with Yewbarrow on left, Scafell and the Wasdale Screes on right
Lonesome Splendour: looking up Wastwater to Wasdale Head, with Yewbarrow on left, Scafell and the Wasdale Screes on right

It was a delight to be able to take some time in the almost miraculously preserved Lake District, the landscape seemingly unchanged from a century ago. The real changes are in the main carefully hidden away: cunningly concealed caravan parks, sensitively expanded hotels and guest houses, visitor attractions built of grey slate and tucked behind walls or trees. One change cannot be hidden: the narrow lanes carry twice, no, four times the traffic of thirty years ago, and it travels at murderous speed. Some of the young men in their shiny red cars race along the few straights and around blind bends, trusting and assuming (without thought) that the other driver knows the road as well as them,  has the same speed of reaction, and will have space to pass. Given that the other driver may well be a foreigner in a slow, bulky camper van, or old and frail, or talking on the phone, or tired, drunk or just not quite as perfect as the young bloke in his speed-wagon, this may not be justified. Pedestrians and cyclists, too, take their lives in their hands. The park authority ceaselessly balances the conflicting pressures: facilities for the millions of visitors, landscape, wildlife, jobs, houses, schools and shops for the residents, car parking (as pricey as any city in the most popular spots). They have done an admirable job.

Round-Leaved Sundew, Drosera rotundifolia, and Sphagnum bog moss
Round-Leaved Sundew, Drosera rotundifolia, and Sphagnum bog moss
Glaciated Landscape: Pavey Ark above Stickle Tarn
Glaciated Landscape: Pavey Ark above Stickle Tarn

The marvellously clean landscape of rock, grassland and glacial lakes appears so fresh on a fine day that it hardly seems feasible: it is sharper than a diorama illustrating geomorphology, and much more beautiful.

Foxglove in a Lake District landscape,Tarn Hows
Foxglove in a Lake District landscape, Tarn Hows

Sometimes the common flowers surprise us with their beauty. These foxgloves stood proud and tall in their hummocky landscape.

Map Lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum
Map Lichen, Rhizocarpon geographicum, on slate

The lime-green of the geographic or map lichen forms delightful maps of imaginary continents on the grey slate.

Cladonia floerkana lichen among moss, Tarn Hows
Cladonia floerkana lichen among moss, Tarn Hows

The artist Maurits Escher admired the apparently simple form of mosses and ground-living lichens like the gorgeously coloured Cladonia floerkana: but he quickly realized how complex they were when he started to draw them.

Two Common Sandpipers at Wrynose Pass
Two Common Sandpipers at Wrynose Pass

I was happily surprised to see these Common Sandpipers flying about and calling loudly: I really hadn’t expected to see them away from both forests and sizeable bodies of water: clearly, they don’t need much.

Goosander female with six spotted ducklings, River Rother, Grasmere
Goosander female with six spotted ducklings, River Rother, Grasmere

The Goosander is almost a rarity, breeding in not many thousands in Britain; but it is not shy, as this family seen from the bridge over the Rother in Grasmere demonstrates. The ducklings showed off their striking spotted pattern.

Welsh Poppies in Wasdale
Welsh Poppies in Wasdale
Natural Pattern: a rock with mosses and Map Lichen on Yewbarrow
Natural Pattern: a rock with mosses and Map Lichen on Yewbarrow

On Yewbarrow in Wasdale, we enjoyed the views of lake and mountain, and glimpsed a Golden-Ringed Dragonfly: not really mistakable for anything else, the size of an Emperor Dragonfly and strikingly black-and-yellow with incomplete rings.

Ghostly tree covered in caterpillar tent silk, dotted with telltale frass
Ghostly tree covered in caterpillar tent silk, dotted with telltale frass

Back at our guest house, Marsh Tits visited the bird feeders, almost as relaxed as the resident Blue Tits. On the Cumbrian Way, walking down to the pub at Skelwith Bridge, we saw this extraordinarily ghostly tree, leafless and covered all over with silk, lightly decorated with caterpillar frass. The poor tree had been totally defoliated by the tent caterpillars. Since I doubt the Gypsy moth has reached the Lake District yet, this might be a Processionary moth, perhaps.